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The CIA’s “Family Jewels” is a compilation of documents that expose a series of controversial and often illicit activities conducted by the agency from the 1950s to the 1970s. First released to the public in 2007, this 702-page dossier reveals the depths of the CIA’s covert operations, which included assassination plots, illegal surveillance, and experiments on unwitting subjects.
Origins and Release
The Family Jewels documents were originally compiled in response to a 1973 request by then-CIA Director James Schlesinger, who wanted to know if there were any agency operations that might be considered illegal or improper. This internal investigation was prompted by the Watergate scandal and increasing public scrutiny of government agencies. The resulting reports were intended to be kept confidential, but they eventually became part of the public record due to the persistent efforts of journalists and researchers, along with Freedom of Information Act requests.
In 2007, under pressure from a lawsuit filed by the National Security Archive, the CIA finally declassified and released the Family Jewels. The release was significant, not only because it shed light on past abuses but also because it marked a rare instance of transparency for an agency known for its secrecy.
Assassination Plots
One of the most shocking revelations in the Family Jewels was the CIA’s involvement in plots to assassinate foreign leaders. The documents detail various attempts to eliminate Cuban leader Fidel Castro, including collaboration with the Mafia to poison him and plans to use exotic devices like exploding cigars. In one instance, the CIA even considered using a contaminated diving suit to kill Castro.
The agency’s involvement in assassination plots was not limited to Cuba. The documents also reveal efforts to target leaders in the Congo, the Dominican Republic, and other countries. These revelations raised significant ethical and legal questions about the extent to which the United States was willing to go to influence foreign governments and political outcomes.
Illegal Surveillance
The Family Jewels also uncovered extensive illegal surveillance operations conducted by the CIA within the United States. Despite its mandate to operate only outside U.S. borders, the agency engaged in domestic spying activities, including the monitoring of American journalists, political activists, and dissidents. Operation CHAOS, one of the programs detailed in the documents, aimed to uncover foreign influences on domestic protest movements during the 1960s and early 1970s. However, it quickly expanded to include broad surveillance of American citizens, violating their constitutional rights.
Human Experimentation
Perhaps the most disturbing revelations in the Family Jewels are related to the CIA’s human experimentation programs. The documents detail Project MK-Ultra, a clandestine program focused on mind control and behavioral modification. Under this program, the CIA conducted experiments on unknowing subjects, including administering LSD and other drugs, subjecting individuals to sensory deprivation, and using psychological manipulation techniques. These experiments were often conducted without the informed consent of the participants, leading to severe psychological and physical harm in many cases.
One of the most infamous incidents involved the death of Frank Olson, a CIA scientist who was secretly dosed with LSD and later fell to his death from a hotel window under suspicious circumstances. The Family Jewels documents shed light on the agency’s attempts to cover up the true nature of Olson’s death and the broader unethical practices of the MK-Ultra program.
Quotes and Reactions
The release of the Family Jewels prompted a wide range of reactions from government officials, historians, and the public. Then-CIA Director Michael Hayden stated, “The documents provide a view of a very different era and a very different agency,” acknowledging the mistakes of the past while emphasizing the CIA’s efforts to operate within legal and ethical boundaries in the present day.
Senator Edward Kennedy, who had been a vocal critic of the CIA’s practices, remarked, “The release of these documents underscores the necessity of vigilant oversight of our intelligence agencies to ensure they do not overstep their bounds.” The documents’ release also fueled calls for greater transparency and accountability in the intelligence community.
Legacy and Impact
The Family Jewels documents have had a lasting impact on the public’s perception of the CIA and its operations. They serve as a reminder of the potential for abuse of power within secretive government agencies and the importance of checks and balances to prevent such abuses. The revelations prompted legislative reforms, including the establishment of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence and the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, which were designed to provide oversight and accountability for the CIA and other intelligence agencies.
In the years since their release, the Family Jewels have become a crucial resource for historians, journalists, and researchers seeking to understand the complexities and ethical challenges of intelligence work. They provide a sobering account of the lengths to which the CIA went during the Cold War to achieve its objectives, often at the expense of legal and moral considerations.
Document Archive
Download the entire “Family Jewels” collection [702 Pages, 21.4MB]
Mandatory Declassification Review Request on First 11 Pages of “Family Jewels” collection [12 Pages, 3.5MB] – On March 22, 2018, I requested a Mandatory Declassification Review (MDR) on the first 11 pages of the Family Jewels document. I requested only the first 11 pages, due to the fact that the first item listen in the breakdown of projects and incidents outlined in the document, is entirely withheld. If anything in the first 11 pages would be unredacted and released, it would pave the way to request a full MDR of the document. However, they continue to deny the information, as of September 2019, when the CIA released the responsive records. The redactions were the same.
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